Essay on How Technology is Represented in Star Wars

How Technology is Represented in Star Wars When watching the film, Star Wars, it is impossible not to be aware of the technology that is represented in the film, partly because it is so much more advanced than our own is now, but also because we can imagine how we might someday acquire such technology. The central theme in Star Wars is good versus evil, clearly demonstrated by the technology in the film. While the Rebels (the good guys) use technology primarily to fight for freedom and quality of life for all, the Empire (the bad guys) use technology to develop weapons of destruction and war in an attempt to rule the galaxy. In addition to these two opposing sides, there is another group that doesn’t use technology for war. This†¦show more content†¦However, even if we don’t look into the future, Star Wars can tell us volumes about how technology can affect our society, especially as it pertains to war. Through the ages there have been constant struggles to resolve disputes. However, as we can see through our history, sometimes peaceful resolutions are not possible because of misunderstandings, corruption, power, or greed. In these cases, one alternative to settling the dispute is war. Technology plays an extremely important role in war, and this is clearly demonstrated in Star Wars. Star Wars possesses similarities to our own culture and with the vast amounts of technology represented in the film, it is an ideal choice to better understand our own society. We are delighted to have the opportunity to examine Star Wars because we feel intimately connected to the film and all that it represents. We grew up with R2D2, C3PO, Luke Skywalker, Princess Leia, Han Solo, and Chewbacca. We dressed up like them for Halloween, we played Star Wars games for countless hours, we imagined ourselves using their futuristic technology, and now we want to study how this artifact has affected our society and how it might affect our future. 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Landholders and Rural Communities †Free Samples to Students

Question: Discuss about the Landholders and Rural Communities. Answer: Introduction The major globalization has invoked some of the most important and interesting speculations about the global economic conditions where distinct organization have turned and twisted some of their rules and strategies to make the work environment more effective and efficient to help it gather better opportunities in terms of competitive advantage. Human Resource management in one of the crucial tool of an organization that is instrumental to help achieve the organization to reach better heights in terms of business and growth (Hendry, 2012). With the help of this report, the fundamentals and the principles of Human Resource Management has been explained with relevance and the major concerns related to it. To help in better understanding the fundaments, an organization has been taken into account. The different features of the organization have been explained with accordance to the topic of discussion that includes some of the key challenges faced by the organization and the recommendations to avert and rectify them. The organization taken into consideration is Rio Tinto, a mining company based in Australia by the help of which the topic has been justified. The purpose of this report is to help understand and analyze the organizational environment, the specific issues and recommendation of practical solutions with reference and relevance to the topic. The key to drive an organization towards a specific goal is its successful management strategies. One of the important strategies to control an organization is achieved through effective management of Human Resource (Bratton Gold, 2012). Human resource management as the name signifies is the procedure of effective and maximized utilization of the available resources along with the skilled workforce. The principle purpose of human resource management is to make proficient utilization of the existing workforce in an organization (Jiang et al., 2012). Objectives of Human Resource management Human resource management of every organization performs with accordance to three important achievable objectives as per a new perspective (Storey, 2014). They are as follows. The social objectives of the organization includes the social responsibility of meeting the needs and the challenges of the society as well as minimizing the negative backfires of demands upon the organization such as the failure to use the resources for the benefit of the society may result in limitations. The organizational objective of human resource management is to understand about the subsistence of it and the steps that are necessary to be taken for the sole benefit of the organization. Human resource management is not only limited to itself but to help assist the organization achieve its objectives and goals. The functional objective of human resource management is to retain the respective departments involvement to an optimal level to the organizational needs and demands. The resources become useless whenever the human resource management functions at higher or lower levels than the level of the required demands or needs. In other words, the functionality of human resource management is to maintain the required efforts and prevention of the resource depletion. Personal objective involves the meeting of the needs and the demands of the workforce in order to keep them motivated and retain their dedication as well as involvement towards the organization. Failure to meets the demands or the needs might result in discontentment amongst the employees as a result of which they might start exhibiting under performance or desert the organization might as well contributing to the organizational failure. Characteristics of Human resource management Human resource management involves strategic management function such as planning, organizing, directing as well as controlling. It includes the development and the maintaining of the human resources in an organization. It is instrumental and fundamental in the achievement of the organizational, social and the personal objectives. Human resource is a multiple disciplinary department that functions of the fundaments and theoretical practices of psychology, management, communication, economics as well as sociology. Human resource management is a continuous and never ending process whose success lies in ignition of team spirit amongst the employees and help them understand the strength of team work, in turn helping the organization achieve its goals and objectives (Anderson, 2013). Determination of the labor demand and the supply Determining of the labor demand and supply through matrices showing the proportion of employees in different service categories at different period. Effectively reducing or downsizing the labor shortage or surplus by effective strategic planning. Identification of potential candidates and their count for the respective positions along with the recruiting sources such as internal and external recruiting, image advertising, direct application or referrals, public or private employment agencies (Taylor, 2014). Human resource is instrumental in the selection process as well where the organization gets to decide the best recruit fit for the job or position, which is decided by the organizational history in its ability to adapt, survive and grow. The selection methods are based on the factors like reliability, consistency, validity, utility and legality. Correlation of human resource management with work culture and diversity management Human resource management is a management strategy that is instrumental and influential in the functioning of the various activities of an organization. Human resource as previously explained is directly linked in accordance with diversity management of an organization, which in turn in influential in controlling the work culture of the organization. Diversity management in short is the management strategy that helps manage the similarities and the differences amongst the employees in an organization. Diversity management is a strategy that is specially formulated to impart a unity amongst the employees and effectively ripping off discrimination within an organization (Harvey Allard, 2015). This key principle of this management strategy is to accommodate and unify the workforce irrespective of the diverse cultural attributes in a workplace. Human resource management along with diversity management works side by side to induce a healthy and beneficial work culture by efficiency reducing the discrimination on grounds of caste, class, color, sex, chronological age, interpersonal attributes, corporate backgrounds, educational qualifications and individual personality (Sabharwal, 2014) In this manner a healthy and flexible work culture can be induced that would enhance the workplace and positively reinforce the employees towards maximum productivity which would in turn be beneficial for the organization not just in terms of productivity but in terms of good reputation as well. Organizational background The organization that has been taken into consideration is Rio Tinto. It is an Australian- British multinational organization and one of the largest mining and metals corporations of the world (Pellegrino Lodhia, 2012). This organization was formed when a international association of investors purchased a mine in Rio Tinto in Spain from the Spanish government. The company has merged and placed itself as one of the largest mining companies in the world that excavates natural minerals such as aluminum, iron ore, copper, uranium, coal and diamonds. Rio Tinto not only operates in the extraction of these minerals but is also functional in the refining process of these minerals especially bauxite and iron ore. The company mainly operates in six major continents, primly concentrating in Australia. Rio Tinto has developed the worlds some of the best high graded mines and operations. It operates through around 35 countries across six major continents all around the globe. The industry has entered into collaboration with new customers and partners as well as local communities. The minerals that are being extracted are not just for industrial purpose but they are essential for daily innovations, purposes and utility, which is fundamental in economic and communal growth and prosperity. Organizational demographics refer to the factors that are responsible for the growth and the sustenance of the organization. Rio Tinto has a clear and effective strategy that follows the principles of four Ps. Portfolio, performance, People and Partners (Yakovleva, 2017). The portfolio involves around the approach of possessing world class assets that includes the multiple decades of essential minerals that delivers huge revenue returns throughout the activity cycle and materialize a long term growth. A clear and strategic framework has been used to calculate the existing assets as well as built newer ones. This is achievable by taking into consideration of the competitive advantages and the uniqueness of the assets to ensure a strong and stable return. The performance is based on the factor of safety, that being the most important concern and foundation of everything that is incorporated. The main revenue is generated through the transition from the mine to the international market. Hence, the priority is shifted from volume to values that are implemented on all the decisions related to the operation and investment. Latest technology and innovations are well introduced to cater intense and complicated geological and environmental pressures. The main aim of the marketing teams is to focus and collaborate to maximize the values from the activities and keep the resources fully channeled towards the business building. Human progress and priority is the core purpose of Rio Tinto. This is instrumental in terms of attracting, developing and retaining the best people that would be crucial for the future success. Establishment of enthusiastic centers of distinction to reinforce the technological and commercial capabilities and is committed towards building a diverse and comprehensive workforce throughout the organization. A diverse workforce and environment is fundamental in terms of creating a better workplace that would be crucial in the longer run. Rio Tinto works in agreement with the legal implementation of the Workplace Gender Equality Act 2012 that enforces every employee to work with equal dignity and respect, without any kind of indiscrimination, thus encouraging a diversified work culture. Partnerships influence every phase of the value sequence and mining activity life cycle. To linger competitive, effectively supervise the sole risk profiles of the business and secure admission to newer source of essential supplies, collaboration with an assortment of exterior stakeholders, customers, suppliers, investors, governments and local communities needs to be followed. Challenges faced by Rio Tinto The most crucial challenge that is faced by Rio Tinto is in terms of labor supply. Rio Tinto a sole believer in the values of Accountability, Teamwork, Integrity and Respect. However, Rio Tinto has a few shameful incidents and cases that has been alleged against it (Hossain et al., 2013). Shameful incidents have taken place under the organization that mostly violated the companys claims regards its principles. There are countless claims of human and labor rights violations are a result of which there is always a shortage and high demands in terms of labor due to grievances and strikes (Hebdon Noh, 2013). With respect to the tainted past Rio Tinto faces major concerns with respect to recruitment since some of the projects have been banned due to the violation of the rights resulting in the loss of livelihood of many workers (McDonald, Mayes Pini, 2012). As well as lack of proper communication, regarding the recruitment also is fundamental in less keen employees working in the industry. Recommendation Several strategies can be used to rectify and improvise the older strategies to meet with the challenges. Proper ways of advertising and recruitment information dissemination needs to be implemented to successfully spread the word and gather fresh recruits (Raufflet, Cruz Bres, 2014). Proper way of applying for the post needs to be mandatory for the better understanding capability of the applied candidates. Exceptional attention should be given while short listing of the resumes and cross examining them to understand better about the candidates regarding skills and knowledge (Bakker Shepherd, 2017). Selection process should be rigorous to evaluate the capability of the candidates and their respective skills for the post applied. Clear justification needs to be made regarding the job responsibilities and the wages to prevent future conflicts with the organization (Kowalska, 2014) Conclusion With the help of this report the fundamentals of human resource management and recruitment has been discussed with reference to Rio Tonto, a large mining corporation. As per the report it can be concluded that Rio Tinto faces several issues related to workforce, since most of the employees either back our from their duty or they lose their lives due to working under harsh working conditions or due to the violation of the company norms that was initially stated to be maintained. In terms or recruiting and selection of workers it is a liability since proper selection of candidates are not being made in terms of employment Recommendations have been provided to ensure the rectification of the errors that are being committed in terms of recruitment and selection of candidates for the mining industry and job. Proper clarification regarding the job responsibilities and the wages should to be provided to prevent future employment disruption or loss. References Anderson, V. (2013).Research methods in human resource management: investigating a business issue. Kogan Page Publishers. Bakker, R. M., Shepherd, D. A. (2017). Pull the plug or take the plunge: Multiple opportunities and the speed of venturing decisions in the Australian mining industry.Academy of Management Journal,60(1), 130-155. Bratton, J., Gold, J. (2012).Human resource management: theory and practice. Palgrave Macmillan. Harvey, C. P., Allard, M. (2015).Understanding and managing diversity: Readings, cases, and exercises. Pearson. Hebdon, R., Noh, S. C. (2013). A theory of workplace conflict development: from grievances to strikes.New forms and expressions of conflict at work. Basingstoke: Palgrave Macmillan, 26-47. Hendry, C. (2012).Human resource management. Routledge. Hossain, D., Gorman, D., Chapelle, B., Mann, W., Saal, R., Penton, G. (2013). Impact of the mining industry on the mental health of landholders and rural communities in southwest Queensland.Australasian Psychiatry,21(1), 32-37. Jiang, K., Lepak, D. P., Hu, J., Baer, J. C. (2012). How does human resource management influence organizational outcomes? A meta-analytic investigation of mediating mechanisms.Academy of management Journal,55(6), 1264-1294. Kowalska, I. J. (2014). Risk management in the hard coal mining industry: Social and environmental aspects of collieries liquidation.Resources Policy,41, 124-134. McDonald, P., Mayes, R., Pini, B. (2012). Mining work, family and community: A spatially-oriented approach to the impact of the Ravensthorpe nickel mine closure in remote Australia.Journal of Industrial Relations,54(1), 22-40. Pellegrino, C., Lodhia, S. (2012). Climate change accounting and the Australian mining industry: exploring the links between corporate disclosure and the generation of legitimacy.Journal of Cleaner Production,36, 68-82. Raufflet, E., Cruz, L. B., Bres, L. (2014). An assessment of corporate social responsibility practices in the mining and oil and gas industries.Journal of Cleaner production,84, 256-270. Sabharwal, M. (2014). Is diversity management sufficient? Organizational inclusion to further performance.Public Personnel Management,43(2), 197-217. Storey, J. (2014).New Perspectives on Human Resource Management (Routledge Revivals). Routledge. Taylor, S. (2014). Recruitment and selection.Strategic Human Resource Management: An International Perspective,10(6), 139-14. Yakovleva, N. (2017).Corporate social responsibility in the mining industries. Routledge.

Financial Regulatory Bodies an Example by

Financial Regulatory Bodies Firstly, let me discuss the functions of intermediaries. Intermediaries helped in the business of Pepsi Cola and Pepsi Cola. The will help reduce cost of doing business and they will also increase revenues of said companies. This observation is confirmed by. Allen, G. (1999) in discussing Place when the author said, Costs are associated with an exchange and can be reduced by reducing the number of transactions (exchanges). Marketing intermediaries increase efficiency in making products available to target markets. Through contacts, experience, specialization, and scale of operation, intermediaries usually offer the organization more than it can achieve on its own. Need essay sample on "Financial Regulatory Bodies" topic? We will write a custom essay sample specifically for you Proceed In addition there other functions performed by said intermediaries. Thus, Allen, G. (1999) continued saying, Intermediaries smooth the flows of products to buyers by performing the key functions of informing, promoting, and physical possession (including negotiation, title, payment, risk taking and financing). A producer will use an intermediary when it believes that the intermediary can perform the function(s) more economically and efficiently than it can. The information function involves gathering and distributing marketing research and intelligence about the environment for planning purposes. Scanner technology provides a great amount of information. The promotion function involves developing and spreading persuasive communications about an offer. The physical possession function consists of the transporting and storing of products. This activity involves the negotiations for reaching an agreement on price and other terms. The title is the actual transfer of ownership from one or ganization or person to another. The payment involves buyers paying their bills. The risk taking function assumes the risk of carrying the product and receiving payment. The financing function involves acquiring and using funds to cover costs. Now let me discuss the function of financial regulatory bodies within the companies. Financial regulatory bodies are of course not intermediaries. Instead they regulate the business of the companies; they are usually government agencies like the US Securities and Exchange Commission. To regulate means to have the companies need to comply with certain government rules for the legal and normal functioning of the companies. One best example of a regulatory function is the prohibition for companies to connive for purposes of monopoly. Monopoly is an economic situation where the only one company controls the industry and there prices could also be controlled and thereby prohibiting competition among companies. As an example, Preliminary Country Paper Uganda (2005) quoted the following, According to unconfirmed reports, the two biggest soft drink producers, franchises of big international companies Pepsi Cola and Coca-Cola, are alleged to have bought into the leading water bottling companies. According to the reports, Pepsi bought into NC Beverages, bottlers of Highland brand mineral water and Rwenzori Beverages Companies makers of Rwenzori Brand is alleged to have gone to Coca Cola. However, the two companies deny the allegations. Instead the companies state that they have joint distribution arrangements. Products from the water and soft drinks companies are routinely jointly distributed to retail outlets. One could observe that the two companies are possible connivance for monopoly; they instead prefer to call it joint distribution arrangements. The financial regulator could come in to declare nullity of such arrangement if disadvantageous to the economy. References: Allen, Gemmy (1999), Place, Accessed October 3, 2006 Preliminary Country Paper Uganda (2005), Capacity Building on Competition Policy in select Countries of Eastern and Southern Africa, Accessed October 3,2006

Sandhills Community College Alexander the Great Re Essays - Film

Sandhills Community College Alexander the Great Re Essays - Film Sandhills Community College Alexander the Great Research Paper Shianne Buie Professor Leake HIS 111-SN 1 April 16th, 2017 Famous playwright William Shakespeare once wrote , " S ome men are born great, some achieve greatness, and o thers have greatness thrust upon them . " In many ways, Alexander III of Macedon falls into all three of those categories. (History Channel) During the course of his life Alexander was filled with remarkable achievements and today is known as one of the most memorable rulers in history. Due to his impressive expansion of the Greek empire, admirable intuition as a politician and th e l oyalty he inspired in his men , Alexander the Great has earned himself the title as one of the most accomplished leaders of all time. Alexander III was born sometime in July of 356 BC to t he rulers of Macedonia, King Phillip II and his wife Olympias who, along with the entire kingdom, had very high hopes for the child. While the prince would indeed go on to be recognized as one of the greatest military geniuses of all time and amass the largest empire the ancient world had ever seen, he needed some guidance first. From the time he was very young, Alexander was being groomed to one day take over the kingdom and so he spent quite a good amount of his childhood in the company of tutors. He was taught how to fight, ride like any future soldier but was also educated in subjects such as s cience, literature and philosophy by none of than the famous philosopher Aristotle. Having this man as his teacher opened the prince ' s mind to countless possibilities and hopes for his future. There is actually good reason to believe that the philosophers teachings are part of the reason behind Alexander ' s unwavering desire for the expansion of his own empire. Alth ough the matter of circumstance did also play a large part in the series of events that would befall him in life. When the prince was just nineteen his father, Phillip II, was assassinated by his bodyguard captain at a feast for his daughters wedding. Alexander himself wasted no time in gaining the support he needed to claim the throne and once he had the backing of the generals and troops he had once fought alongside, he was proclaimed king. Though still quite young, the youth had already proven himself to be more than capable of defending the kingdom in his fathers absence so most had no problem accepting him as king. Shortly after ascending the throne, Alexander started out on the conquest of the Persian Empire, which would become recognized one of his greatest achievements. Being able to overthrow an empire as strong as Persia was no small feet, Alexander had to be a skilled tactician, intelligent and have loyal troops in order for everything to work out. If he had been lacking in any one of these areas then the entire battle may have gone a different way and the world we know today might've been completely different. Thankfully the young king had all the tools necessary to succeed in this endeavor and the outcome wound up in his favor. Since Persia had always been fierce rival of Greece, Alexander gained even more favor with his people once he proclaimed himself the new king after defeating all the opposing forces. He would then go on to overthrow Asia Minor, Egypt, India, Mesopotamia and other countless territories. The fact the Alexander managed to accomplish so much in only thirteen years as king showcases just was an incredible leader he was. In order to conquer so many empires, all while assuring his newfound subjects were content and never really attempted to rebel, Alexander had to be a truly gifted politician. Now in most parts of history once a nation had been taken over, their culture became all but lost, their r eligions were banned and the citizens were usually treated cruelly, sometimes they were even killed. However this wasn't the case with Alexander, he seemed to embrace the different cultures of each land he conquered and even incorporated some aspects into his own. Needless to say the

Sexually transmitted disease in Miami 2011-2012 Essay

Sexually transmitted disease in Miami 2011-2012 - Essay Example In addition, married-couple family type also comprised as much as 64.4% of the total population in 2012; while there were a total 48.8% households with one or more people under the age of 18 (Dept. of Regulatory and Economic Resources; Economic Analysis and Policy, 2013). The map of Miami Dade County is presented as Appendix 1; while the Dade Population Characteristics as of 2011 is presented as Appendix 2. Sexually Transmitted Disease Statistics Statistics on sexually transmitted disease in Miami Dade have revealed that the health dilemma is a growing concern for health officials in Florida and in the country. As published in the Huffington Post, â€Å"statistics from the Florida Department of Health show which of the state's 67 counties have had the most and least number of new cases of sexually transmitted diseases gonorrhea, chlamydia, and infectious syphilis over the three-year-period between 2009 and 2011† (Florida STD Rates: Best And Worst Counties For Gonorrhea, Chlamy dia And Syphilis , 2013). It was also revealed that Miami Dade actually ranks among the highest in terms of exhibiting the new AIDS cases in the country. The HIV/Aids Surveillance Report published by the Miami-Dade County Health Department shows the number of cases by gender and year from 2000 to 2012, and shown as Appendix 3. The statistics show that there is an average number of AIDS cases does not go below the 600 cases per annum level; and exhibits an erratic pattern where there are evident increases and decreases over the last few years. Likewise, Appendix 4 shows Total Gonorrhea, Chlamydia, and Infectious Syphilis over the Period 2009 to 2011, for Miami Dade with comparative data for the whole of Florida. This figure shows that the rates had been increasing for gonorrhea, chlamydia, and infectious syphilis since 2004 and the Miami Dade rates parallel the rates shown for the whole of Florida. Concurrently, the report published by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention r egarding the survey conducted among the youth of Miami Dade to monitor Youth Risk Behavior has revealed the following important results: â€Å"47% ever had sexual intercourse. 8% had sexual intercourse for the first time before age 13 years. 16% had sexual intercourse with four or more persons during their life 33% had sexual intercourse with at least one person during the 3 months before the survey. 32% did not use a condom during last sexual intercourse. 93% did not use birth control pills or Depo-Provera (or any injectable birth control), Nuva Ring (or any birth control ring), implanon (or any implant), or any IUD before last sexual intercourse. 22% were never taught in school about AIDS or HIV infection† (Center for Disease Control and Prevention, n.d., p. 1). Nursing Diagnosis, Planning, and Interventions From the information and statistics that were provided, obviously, the rate of sexually transmitted diseases in Miami Dade have been on an increasing trend. Using the r esults from the Youth Risk Behavior Survey, it could likewise be deduced that unprotected sex accounts for contracting these diseases; as well as the lack of formal knowledge taught in school about AIDS or HIV. The report from the CDC indicated that â€Å"

CIPD Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words

CIPD - Essay Example INTERNAL FACTORS 1- DISCIPLINE AND GRIEVANCES Discipline and grievances are the guidelines that are incorporated in the company’s policy and have a great significance in shaping the behavior of employees in the company. These guidelines are the rules that teach the individual about the company’s culture or way of conducting operations. Policies design the structure and that structure shapes the behavior of individuals in the company. (CIPD, 2013a). The law facilitates the resolution of the grievances and maintenance of the discipline conducts. For example, Employment Relations Act provides the opportunity for the resolution of the personal grievances and other options are also present by law for dealing with issues. Importantly, for maintaining effective relationship since the start of the employment relationship everyone the organization is required to behave in good faith. Additionally, simple measures of developing contract and informing rights along with responsibil ities etc save the ER from being affected by grievances and result in maintenance of the discipline (MBIE, 2013). 2- EQUAL PAY Equal pay should be given to both men and women for the same job. None of the employer is allowed make biasness in giving equal salary or wages to men and women. Another perspective to analyze the injustice in equal pay is the comparison of pay with the market wage rate. If the company is paying low wage rate then it will negatively affect the employment relationship. (CIPD, 2013d). The law mandates employers to develop their pay structures in accordance to the Equal Pay Act. For the effective implementation and adoption Code of Practice and Equality Human Rights Commission (EHRC) is also available. Such facilitation by law results in the bridging of gap between the employees and employee on wage bargaining as things are determined by law and not by the personal consideration of employers (CIPD, 2014a). EXTERNAL FACTORS LAW Policy and law on the state level is one of the most important factors that drive the labor market and human resources management at the organizations. State laws are incrementally concerned for taking up measures that in turn contribute in the national exchequer. On the other hand, the state laws are also required to ensure the societal balance. These factors and their impact are also reflected in the laws regulating the labor market. Every year various developments in the laws are made in order to achieve the right balance between the country, exchequer and the employees and employers. All these also impact the employee relationship as the any burden of tax or any other contribution that state requires from the organizations results in squeezing the benefit that would have otherwise been used to expand the employee benefit. For example, Government’s Employment Law Review for allow greater flexibility in the labor market (CIPD, 2014b).Increasing flexibility for the labor market will contribute effectiveness for the two parties as both will be able to contribute their best with comfort working zone. ECONOMIC CONDITIONS Economic conditions have a significant impact on the relationship of employer and employee. If the economy is moving towards growth then the organization would possibly follow the same trend and it economy goes downwards then the organizations would possibly go with the economic trend. In affect from such economic factor

Six Glasses by Tom Standage Essay Example for Free

Six Glasses by Tom Standage Essay Throughout history certain drinks have marked a trend that has changed the face of the earth. Each drinks including beer, wine, spirits (distilled alcohol), coffee, tea, and coca-cola have been a catalyst for the development of our society. As a result, the alcohol and the caffeine in the drinks have not only quenched our thirst through history, but have done much more than that; they have helped different cultures intertwine. Each one of them set humankind on a path towards modernity. Six beverages precisely, three alcoholic, and three caffeine marked the tendency; the first beverage to mark a trend was beer that both served as a currency and for political purposes. Later came the Greeks with a fermented grape juice, named wine that with the help of formal drinking parties helped diffuse ideas and thoughts. With the coming of the age of exploration and the discovery of America, raw goods and the distillation process arrived and helped the development of distilled drinks such as brandy, rum, and whiskey which were used as currency to buy slaves and became popular in North America. As alcoholism spread, other people especially professionals looked for that drink that instead of confusing the mind rather promoted clarity. Coffee, the black gift from the Arabs promoted clarity that was what professionals were looking for such a long time. However the emergence of the British Empire as a world dominion helped Chinas flagship drink, tea helped to open lucrative trade routes with the east. Perhaps, the most affluent of all, or at least the one single drink that reached every corner of earth is the carbonated soft beverage called Coca-Cola; Coca-Cola marked the start of the globalization period. Six drinks, six different stories that mark our world today. Beer, the first alcoholic beverage appeared as a result of a change of lifestyle from the humans that migrated from out of Africa. Before, these people were nomads meaning that they life was based on hunting and gathering. However, starting twelve-thousand years ago, Humans in the Near East abandoned the Paleolithic lifestyle and adopted farming rather than hunting and gathering. Beer was not invented but rather discovered since it was found that cereal grain could be stored for a long time a would not be spoiled. With the introduction of beer, people no matter their social rank were able to enjoy a drink that at the time was considered a gift of god. All along the Fertile Crescent people drank beer from the same container. This was considered a mayor development because it showed that beer was both a drink that united social classes, and it was a universal symbol and friendship and hospitality since drinking from the same container through a straw meant that the one offering the drink did not intoxicate the beverage. Beer abundance and invigorating flavors convinced the consumers of making ceremonies to god, whom in their conscience gifted such drink. Beer was used in religious ceremonies, agricultural fertility rites, and funerals by the Sumerians and Egyptians. Beer rich contents cannot be denied. Without such stimulating and rich content, beer would not have the same popularity as it has. When stored for a long period, beer starts the fermentation process. In the Neolithic period, beer was rather drunk much sooner than todays standards. Most people left it fermenting for about a week or less. As a result, the beer drank had a relatively low alcohol content but would be rich in yeast which would provide protein and vitamin, especially vitamin B. The rich contents of beer were essential for the development and survival of early civilizations since vitamin B provided the nutrients meat provided; so when there was a shortage of food, especially meat, people would opt drink beer. Although extremely important for the development of early societies, beer is constantly associated with drunkenness and unclear thinking. Even many scholars consider beer as just a drink that it is used to quench special cravings or just simply to get drunk. However, beer importance in the development of writing is more important than common thinking. The earliest written documents are Sumerian wage lists and tax receipts that were used to record several things; amongst them was beer. Since beer by this time was considered the drink of the common man, beer was used as a form of payment for many people. Some people were given the drink as it is the case during the construction of the pyramid of Giza, and others were given tokens so they could exchange them with beer. Beer importance in the development of our civilized world is often under regarded, especially by those whom believe that beer sole purpose is to get people drunk. Departing from Assyria, King Ashurnasirpar II gave a drink to his guests which aroma and taste was far more refined than that of beer. Even more, this vitalizing drink was not a universal drink for the common man, but was rather a way to show their wealth. As a result, wine development as the next popular drink, especially in Greece and Italy. Wine consists of a fermented juice of crushed grapes. Despite the availability of grapes through human history, wine did not emerge until later since in order to ferment the fruit it is necessary to use a pot. As wine became more widely available, it came to be seen as a social drink as well as a religious beverage. Its main consumption was based on the Near East and the Eastern Mediterranean. Furthermore, its increasing accessibility demised wine as an all elite drink. Despite its high cost, wine is a determining factor for the development of non-barbaric settlements such as Greece and Rome. Thucydides, a Greek writer described, the peoples of the Mediterranean began to emerge from barbarism when they learnt to cultivate the olive and the vine. When wine emerged in the Eastern Mediterranean wine price decreased and it was widely available. As a result, wine became increasingly important especially in the economic sense. Wine was now not considered as just a drink, but rather a form of income. Italys and Greece convenient location helped wine become easy to trade amongst other European and Muslim nations. Therefore, vineyards became prime targets in the Peloponnesian War between Sparta and Athens. Different from beer, old wine was a badge of status; the older the wine, the better. For Greeks and Romans wine drinking was associated with civilization and refinement. Also, wine was also a form to test someones personality. As Aeschylus, a Greek poet said, Bronze is the mirror of the outward form; wine is the mirror of the mind, referring to the ability of a person to speak truth when drinking wine. Some Greek philosophers considered wine as treacherous for the human society; they believed that placing too much power in human hands (wine alcoholic content), could ultimately lead to revolution and anarchy. Wine social is so important that is often undermined. For example there is a Roman story, that once Marcus Antonius sought for refuge  and someone accept it. In order to delight and give tribute to their guest, the house owner sent their slave to buy the most expensive wine, the kind only people such of Marcus Antonius would drink. As a result, the authorities discovered Marcus Antonius as a result of just the wine he drank, marking wine as a social drink. Therefore, wine became a symbol of social differentiation and a rentable way of business. Wines riches and development of trade led to the discovery of America. With the riches of wine European nations now sought more resources and other form of transporting beverages. For voyages such as those to America, wine was not that convenient. Instead in the Spanish city of Cordoba, the distillation process was developed. Distilled drinks provided a durable and compact way to transport alcohol on board ships. The first distilled drink was distilled wine and it was considered a therapeutically drink. Arnald of Villanova, a wine distiller, believed that the true water of life will come over in precious drops, which, being rectified by three or four successive distillations, will afford the wonderful quintessence of wine, he wrote we call it aqua vitae, and this name is remarkably suitable, since it is really a water of immortality. It prolongs life, clears away ill-humors, revives the heart, and maintains youth. As Villanova said, aqua vita godlike powers were tempting for many see king immortality. During the Pre-Columbian period, people believed that drinking a regular dose of aqua vita could improve the functioning human body and mind. Following the discovery of America and the establishment of the European colonies in the Americas, slavery soon out spurted, especially in the Caribbean colonies. In these colonies, especially in the British sugar cane was the main crop. However, in order to obtain the man power to extract the resource, the British sought to exchange Brandy for slaves in West Africa. Europeans soon realized that it was far more efficient to use distilled alcohol extracted from the sugar cane. Rumbullion as it is called was far superior for high seas since it didnt spoil like wine since it had a high concentration of alcohol. Rum was perhaps the most profitable spirits, or distilled drink of all became it is relatively easy to distill and it was also made with the leftovers of sugarcane plantations. Therefore, rum did  not only serve as a way to use the leftovers but it consequently was used as a form of income. Inevitably, rum became the American typical drink, rather than brandy, the British counterpart. Rum was far cheaper then brandy and was made from leftover molasses. Rum amongst the American minds alleviated hardship and provided a liquid form of central heating during harsh winters. More importantly alleviated the dependence of foreign imports. In some cases, rum was so cheap that a one day wage could get drunk a person for weeks. Indirectly, rum triggered the American Civil war. The story goes like this, as the colonies grew economically and constantly became more independent of foreign goods, the British felt that they were losing money from a market that before they controlled in a monopolistic manner. As a result, they decided to put taxes on the molasses, the main ingredient of rum. However, the British felt that they could exploit the Americans and kept increasing the taxes to see if the Americans once and for all opted for brandy. Instead, the number of rum producing factories increased and smuggling molasses became a normal business. During the fight for independence, the American soldiers opted for rum. As Henry Knox said in a letter, Besides beef and pork, bread and flour, Rum is too material an article to be omitted, he wrote, No exertions ought to be spared to provide ample quantities of it. Distilled drinks helped shaped the New World since it served as a form of income and as a form of enjoyment. After the age of exploration, came the Age of Reason where everything was put into contest. No longer were Greek and Roman scientific commonly accepted. As Bacon expressed, There is no hope of any major increase in scientific knowledge by grafting or adding the new on top of the old, referring that in order to develop new thoughts have to be accepted. Along with this advance came coffee, which promoted sharpness and clarity of thought. It became the preferred drink for scientists, intellectuals, merchants and clerks. Coffee instead of relaxing the mind instead sharpened it and was usually drank during the mornings or during continuous working time. Coffee drinkers argued that with alcohol people had a clouded view of the world; therefore, coffee was there to clear it. Coffee success is mainly as a result of the coffee houses. The coffee houses differed from the taverns in which they were often visited by scholars rather than by the common man, and had an environment more tranquil and better to think. Coffee houses were used as information hubs; there you could tell your thoughts of the book you just read, talk about new scientific developments, simply any information you could find in a coffee shop. These were so important that for example, after Hooke demonstrated an improved form of astronomical quadrant a the Royal Society, he repeated his demonstration at Garraways coffeehouse. In a certain manner, coffee helped European nations to develop at a faster rate since with coffee and coffee shops people were able to discuss and exchange ideas amongst them. Even today, coffee plays a major role in keeping our society awake and up to task. Despite its reach, coffee was not able to compete in England with a drink similar to coffee called tea. During the 17th, 18th and early 19th century, British enjoyed its golden reach. As Sir George McCartney described, this vast empire on which the sun never sets. Indeed it was true since Britain had colonies in America, Asia, and Australia, meaning that the sun was always seen in any one of the colonies. Britains reach during this epoch was immeasurable and its power imaginable. However as any other empire they needed a national drink. The British opted for tea that had been invigorating the Chinese for quite some time. As coffee, tea promoted, clear thought and the spread of thought. However tea was not well known in Britain until Catherine of Braganza, the wife of Charles II introduced tea to the English court. As any other mayor power, the citizens view their rulers of examples of what to do, so they inferred that drinking tea was good. Even some scientist said that tea had special powers. Such was the case for Cornelius Bontekoe who said, We recommend tea to the entire nation, and to all peoples! he declared, we urge every man, every woman, to drink it every day; if possible, every hour; beginning with ten cups a day and subsequently increasing the dosage-as much as the stomach can take.One of the most important aspects of tea was its economic factor. The East India Company, the largest at its time recorded that sixty percent of its profits derived from the tea trade. Moreover, ten percent of British tax revenue  derived from the tea. Clearly, teas economic influence is undeniable. With tea, Britain was able to develop settlements so far away, such as that of Hong Kong. Tea influence in Britain colonies helped Britain input more revenue since they created the drinking of tea as away of life. Everyone no matter their social class needed to have their tea at least once a day. As a result, tea was a drink that was s o popular that Britain it spread through the world and became the main association with Britain. Coca-Cola, perhaps the most well known brand in the world is a carbonated drink that was developed from Carbonated Water, or just simply Soda. Coca-Cola was developed by John Pemberton, a pharmacist who lived Atlanta, Georgia. Most people believe that the creation of Coca-Cola was a mistake. However this is false because in fact Pemberton was an experienced medicine producer and while creating Coca -Cola he was trying to find another remedy for stomach ache. While devising the formula, Pemberton added Coca that has a stimulating effect; later he added the koka leaf from Western Africa. In order to put a name for his invigorating, refreshing, quenching beverage he named it Coca-Cola referring to the two main ingredients of the product. Coca-Coca introduced globalization into our minds. Rather than thinking for a single market, Coca-Cola owners believed in mass production and versatility of the product. Advertisements such as, Drink Coca-Cola. Delicious and refreshing, showed the world that the age of reason was light years away and that now it was the dawn of globalization. For Asa Candler the Coca-Cola business turned out to be really profitable. First the product was easy and cheap to produce and people paid a lot for each drink. Following his purchase of the company came the prohibition period; a period were alcohol consumption was illegal in the United States. Therefore, as a remedy people opted for Coca-Cola. As a result, Coca-Cola enjoyed a relative monopoly in drinks. However this hit hard by the end of prohibition when alcohol reanimated its sale. Right after the prohibition, people said, Who would drink soft stuff when real beer and he-mans whiskey could be obtained legally? Furthermore, Coca-Cola was hit even harder with the innovating drink sizes of Pepsi that offer a similar flavor for a reduced price. Coca-Cola globalization was marked when Coca-Cola set a policy that those  fighting the war (World War II) would have a Coca-Cola no matter where they were. The refreshing drink inside that remarkable bottle was so important for the soldiers since it made them feel at home. Also, as people outside the war effort saw the soldiers consuming the drink, they opted to start drinking it. Coca-Cola influence today is undeniable; Coca-Cola is simply globalization in a bottle. Six drinks, each drink including beer, wine, spirits (distilled alcohol), coffee, tea, and coca-cola have been a catalyst for the development of our society. Each one has had its glory period and its place in history without them, the world would not be the same, nor as developed as it is today. From the start of civilization, to today globalize society each drink has played a major role in our development as a civilized world. However, the drink that we have to pay more tribute is water. Through history water has been essential for sustaining human life, but no one has paid respect to such precious item. In less than a century, water will become the transparent oil since only two percent of the whole planets water is drinkable. Although we live in a place where we believe there is sufficient water, there isnt, and we have to face it. In places such as Darfur and other dry places water has become so essential that instead of fighting for diamonds or any other resources; they are fighting for land in order to obtain at least was necessary for survival. If us (the youth), dont stop consuming that much we will have to find another remedy for survival because at its pace water could start lacking in many critical places. In the end, we cannot be self-centered and just think of ourselves, we have to also think of taking care of unacknowledged earth. American Beverage Association History of Beverage Products and Companies. American Beverage Association Beverage Industry News Resources Home. 14 Apr. 2008 . Beverages and Drinks History and Origins of Beverages and Drinks. Inventors. 14 Apr. 2008 . Standage, Tom. A History of the World in 6 Glasses. New York: Walker Company, 2005.